anytime you put two or more pieces together it’s called joinery…
there are more joints than you can name or imagine and they have been around for about forever…
here’s some of the more common joints…
Common Woodworking Joints.pdf (175.6 KB)
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Some joint names are freely interchanged even though they are different joints w/ different applications,
The box and finger joints come to mind…
EXHIBIT '‘A’' - the finger joint…
EXHIBIT '‘B’' - the box joint…
for eons these were them…
simple as that…
here, technically , is a box joint (aka toolbox joint) w/o a lot of the work…
it’s pieces stacked together to form the side panels log cabin style…
the short pieces can be dadoed itnto the proud ends and the layering pieces splined…
box joint jigs and sleds tofit your needs in making box joints…
How to Make Box Joints.pdf (200.9 KB)
box-joint-jig.pdf (91.7 KB)
Basic Box-joint Jig.pdf (379.1 KB)
Box Joint Jig_Plan.pdf (693.9 KB)
lapped joints…
they’re strong, self squaring/aligning and they look nice…
Routing Laps.pdf (38.1 KB)
cut-perfect-half-laps.pdf (222.9 KB)
What to do about the ends of your slab or plank table top and it’s seasonal wood movement…
breadboards is one way…
Plannig for WoodMovement - BREADBOARDS.pdf (371.8 KB)
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the butt joint…
and it’s variations…
Scarf…
SCARF JOINTS.pdf (175.6 KB)
Corner…
my all time favorite, easier to make than a lock miter and seriously strong…
Rebated Rabbet…
Lock Miter…
Lock Miter 16j7508ie.pdf (164.3 KB)
Dado… that kind of says it all…
Note…
Dadoes are cut across the grain and grooves are cut w/ the grain…
STOPPED DADO.pdf (159.7 KB)
if you make a lot of dadoes here is a jig that will do most of the work for you…
this style jig is to be used w/ top bearing bits…
this style jig is to be used w/ guide bearings…
to compliment the dado (cross grain) is the groove (grain parallel)…
pictured here is the through and stopped…
the stopped is generally used in blind applications…
the groove can be cut using the TS, router, RT or router plane …
an easy method to set up a router for grooving…
an item w/ joinery is knowing applied forces work w/ or against a joint…
knowing this will help w/ selecting the best joint for the task at hand…
APPLIED JOINT FORCES.pdf (234.5 KB)
Edge Banding…
when plywood is used in your project and you wish to hide the plys from sight, the most common and easiest way to do this is w/ iron on narrow veneer…
these iron on veneers come in a host of long and end grained species and colors making for matched edges or accented if you choose…
if you desire, a real wood edge is another way of edge banding…
illustrated are 4 methods of attaching the banding…
T, flat, splined and V notch…
Iron on banding cuts easily and well w/ scissors or a sharp razor knife…
to flush trim it you can use a trim router and trim bit, file, sanding or veneer trimmer tool…
if you have a lot of banding to do, a dedicated router base for the task is desirable…
flush-trim-jig.pdf (468.0 KB)
Splines…
Beauty, function and strength…
How to add splines for stronger miters.pdf (728.1 KB)
Butterfly Spline (Or “Arikata”).pdf (1.1 MB)
Ultimate Spline Jig.pdf (101.5 KB) (key slot)…
Splined Miters_Miter with Muscle.pdf (492.8 KB)
Note…
one of the most versatile cutter to make spline slots besides the TS is a stackable slotting bit used in your freehand router or RT… (Router Table)…
this is Freud’s 61-102…
do you have multiple dados or half blind joints to make…
you may find this helpful…
Mortising…
SN11240_router-mortising-jig.pdf (1.7 MB)
Jig for Double Mortise.pdf (1.7 MB)
April_2002_Mortising_Jig.pdf (814.3 KB)
Tenons…
tablesawtenonjig.pdf (183.8 KB)
A bit more on M&T joinery Part II…
OK quite a bit more…
Classic M&T’s…
Mortise_and_Tenon_Primer.pdf (1.1 MB)
(cursor the drawing for the joint’s ID)…
The comprehensive list…
Mortise and tenon joints.pdf (409.6 KB)
Hopefully there is enough here to help you on way to making a variety of finest kind M&T’s…
The How To…
Cut Tenon on Long Board.PDF (35.3 KB)
Fox Wedged Mortise & Tenon.pdf (242.6 KB)
Mortise and Tenon Joinery Made Easy.pdf (594.8 KB)
Mortising on the Drill Press.pdf (1.8 MB)
PEGGED TENON.pdf (158.1 KB)
stub-tenon-and-groove-joinery.pdf (437.1 KB)
TUSK TENON.pdf (111.7 KB)
WS21852_better-tenons.pdf (1.7 MB)
Some Jigs…
April_2002_Mortising_Jig.pdf (814.3 KB)
Mortise Centering Jig.pdf (59.8 KB)
tablesawtenonjig.pdf (183.8 KB)
The Lock M&T…
Jack Miter…
The jack miter is a older type of joint which combines both a butt joint and a miter joint into one. It was used when hand tools were the primary tool used by carpenters where a molding had both a flat face and a small detailed profile to the inner edge which overlaps a door or window jamb. The flat face portion gets receives a square cut and the ornate profile receives a miter cut. From an installation standpoint, a Jack Miter adds strength of the joint and minimizes wood movement, allowing profile to continue throughout complex trim projects, like a bank of windows.
The Jack - Miter.pdf (110.1 KB)
Shooting Board?
A shooting board (sometimes called a “chute board”) is a jig that is used to dimension/fine tune joints with a handplane.
Miter Shooting Board P#1.pdf (440.3 KB)
Shooting Board 3.pdf (57.0 KB)
Shooting Board 2.pdf (1.9 MB)
Shooting Board with Miter gauge.pdf (331.3 KB)
The Skew Plane…
SHOOTING BOARD - SKEW PLANE.pdf (2.3 MB)
Ramped shooting board,… (inclined)
For those who haven’t a shew plane…
The Vogt Shooting Board is a high quality ramped shooting board, particularly suited for precision planing of end grain. The ramp introduces a skewed cutting action and also spreads the wear over a greater distance of the cutting edge.,
INCLINED SHOOTING BOARD.pdf (1.1 MB)
WHEW!!!
Tools and gauges for the perfect joinery…
we covered shooting boards…
now for the rest of the story…
Measuring…
Whatever device you chose to use be it, ruler, tape or caliper - stay w/ that one device… DO NOT change to another of the same… none of them (like items) are created equal, the increment can easily vary from one to next…
Note…
Don’t forget to zero the tape you will be using…
measure 12" while using the tape’s and mark that increment…
using that same tape, measure from 12" increment to your mark…
if the 24" increment falls directly on your mark you are golden…
if not - the tape’s hook needs adjusting till everything is copacetic…
this is a good way to see if all your tape measures and rulers measure the same… (good luck w/ that)…
Set Ups…
W/o accurate set ups of your tooling your results will be less than to your liking…
Digital…
Inclinometers - they give you a set angle at a set spot/location but not over a length and are sensitive to vibrations … and they take batteries…
*Protractors…
More overall accurate because they give you an overall balance of length… and unfortunately, they take batteries…
Then there is 'Move To the Head of the Digital Class… greatest thing since sliced bread for simple to compound angles and crown molding… BUT, unfortunately, these take batteries too…
Fixed… when dead nut accuracy matters…
nothing beats these… dead on accurate and the adjustable does the trig for you…, and fortunately, they don’t take batteries…
Miter knife/Trimmer…
there’s nothing like a miter trimmer… angle accuracy to less than 1/10 of a degree are easy…1/25 if you are OCD w/ a little fussing…
Clean up…
your dovetail, butt, box, or banding joinery has prouds or offsets that need a little attention…
A crank neck chisel is at the top of the list,
Pocket hole joinery…
it’s been around since the invent of screws…
Kreg has made it a shop-hold word/method…
pocket-hole-joinery.pdf (597.9 KB)
I’m still using my mid 50’s version…
If the Kreg version is on your wish list but can’t quite see your way clear to get your hands on the system… ($$$)
Make your own…
Note…
For longevity - add a drill bushing,
pocket-hole-jig1.pdf (120.2 KB)
Pocket-hole Drill Gauge.pdf (90.6 KB)
A little knowledge to go along w/ your jig…
selecting-the-correct-screw.pdf (426.0 KB)
Some of the pocket screw joints that you can accomplish…
this is only but a few…
Cabinetry…
Jamb Extensions…
Beveled Corners…
Face Frames/Rail & Stile Door Frames…
Cabinetry…
Edge Banding…
picture Frames…
RT Angles… (compound)
Aprons…
Curves…
Stairs…
Panels…
Table Legs and Rails